Ketoconazole is prescribed to treat fungal infections. Ketoconazole is most often used to treat fungal infections that can spread to different parts of the body through the bloodstream such as yeast infections of the mouth, skin, urinary tract, and blood, and certain fungal infections that begin on the skin or in the lungs and can spread through the body. Ketoconazole is also used to treat yeast infections of the skin or nails that cannot be treated with other medications. It is in a class of antifungals called imidazoles. It works by slowing the growth of fungi that cause infection.
Ketoconazole is a generic drug sole under the brand name Nizoral.
- Hepatotoxicity
- Headache
- Dizziness
- Tremors
- Nervousness
- Rash
- Swelling of the breasts
- Diarrhea
- Rectal bleeding
- Anemia
- Shock
- Cataract enlargement
- Shortness of breath
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Abdominal pain
- Heartburn
- Extreme tiredness
- Loss of appetite
- Yellowing of skin or eyes
- Dark yellow urine
- Pale stools
- Pain in upper right part of stomach
- Flu-like symptoms
Ketoconazole may cause liver damage and should not be taken with:
- Acetaminophen (Tylenol, others)
- Cholesterol-lowering medications (statins) such as Atorvastatin (Lipitor), fluvastatin (Lescol), Lovastatin (Mevacor), pravastatin (Pravachol), or Simvastatin (Zocor)
- Isoniazid (INH, Nydrazid)
- Methotrexate (Rheumatrex)
- Niacin (nicotinic acid)
- Rifampin
- Astemizole (Hismanal)
- Cisapride (Propulsid)
- Terfenadine (Seldane)
Tell your doctor and pharmacist what other prescription and nonprescription medications, vitamins, nutritional supplements, and herbal products you are taking. Including any of the following:
- Alprazolam (Xanax)
- Anticoagulants ('blood thinners') such as warfarin (Coumadin)
- Buspirone (Buspar)
- Calcium channel blockers such as amlodipine (Norvasc), diltiazem (Cardizem, Dilacor, Tiazac), felodipine (Plendil), nifedipine (Adalat, Procardia), nisoldipine (Sular),and verapamil (Calan, Covera, Isoptin, Verelan)
- Clarithromycin (Biaxin)
- Cyclosporine (Neoral, Sandimmune)
- Diazepam (Valium)
- Digoxin (Lanoxin)
- Erythromycin (E.E.S., E-Mycin, Erythrocin)
- HIV protease inhibitors such as indinavir (Crixivan), ritonavir (Norvir), and saquinavir (Invirase, Fortovase)
- Loratadine (Claritin)
- Medications for diabetes
- Medications for erectile dysfunction such as sildenafil (Viagra), tadalafil (Cialis) and vardenafil (Levitra)
- Methadone (Dolophine)
- Methylprednisolone (Medrol)
- Midazolam (Versed)
- Phenytoin (Dilantin)
- Pimozide (Orap)
- Quinidine (Quinidex, Quinaglute)
- Quinine
- Tacrolimus (Prograf)
- Tamoxifen (Nolvadex)
- Telithromycin (Ketek)
- Trazodone (Desyrel)
- Vincristine (Vincasar).
Your doctor may need to change the doses of your medications or monitor you carefully for side effects.
If you are taking antacids; antihistamines; medications for heartburn or ulcers such as cimetidine (Tagamet), famotidine (Pepcid), nizatadine (Axid), or ranitidine (Zantac); or medications for irritable bowel disease, motion sickness, Parkinson's disease, ulcers, or urinary problems, take them 2 hours after you take ketoconazole.
Tell your doctor if you are pregnant, plan to become pregnant, or are breast-feeding. If you become pregnant while taking ketoconazole, call your doctor. Do not breastfeed while you are taking ketoconazole.
Ask your doctor about the safe use of alcoholic beverages while you are taking ketoconazole. You may experience unpleasant symptoms such as flushing, rash, upset stomach, headache, and swelling of the hands, feet, ankles, or lower legs if you drink alcohol while you are taking ketoconazole.
Keep all appointments with your doctor and the laboratory. Your doctor will order certain tests to check your body's response to Ketoconazole.
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